In August, Estonia was part of the Soviet Union
With the Soviet occupation of Estonia from the summer of, the Stalinist Terror reached the countryIntegral part of the regime, the forced resettlement of the population groups was, as in other Soviet - occupied territories. The main goals were the elimination of actual or alleged opponents of the regime, the intimidation of the population, the enforcement of the forced collectivization and Russification of the occupied territories. The deportation of large Parts of the Estonian population in the inner areas of the Soviet Union from until Stalin's death have left deep traces in the historical memory of Estonia. In the Secret additional Protocol of the Soviet-German non-aggression Pact of. August put Hitler and Stalin in their spheres of interest in Central Europe and divided the continent among themselves. Estonia was also hit, such as Eastern Poland, Latvia, Lithuania, and Finland to the Soviet Union. June occupied by the Soviet troops to Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. In Tallinn, the Soviet party boss of Leningrad, Andrei Schadow, de facto took Power. The new Stalinist rulers tried to consolidate their domination with forced actions. The Estonian political organisations were banned, associations and media connected and a puppet government under the Communists, John Varels.
The Soviet Terror was mainly directed against the existing political, military, economic, and cultural Elite of the country, but also against national minorities, such as Jews and political exiles, the Russians, who had fled after the October revolution to the Western countries.
Lists of names of potentially anti-Soviet people, the Soviet security organs, together with your local accomplices already been created since the beginning of the s.
In June, the first Estonians were taken on the basis of these lists and reprisals subjected to.
July, the commander-in-chief of the Estonian armed forces, Johan Ladin was deported, together with his wife to Penza into the Interior of the Soviet Union. July, the Estonian President Konstantin Patz and his family were deported to Ufa. Estonians arrested and executed. Shortly thereafter, the concrete preparations for the planned mass deportations of the leading layers of Estonia began. The Soviet Authorities had used this method already in the Ukraine and in white Russia. With the top-secret Directive of the Central Committee of the CPSU. In may the deportations from the Baltic republics, the Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova"legally"arranged. In the night from. June rolled in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Bukovina, and Bessarabia-the first Soviet mass deportation. According to predefined lists of protracted armed arrest command without warning or indictment of people from their homes. In the Estonian SSR. persons to the Deportation, provided they were given an hour of free time, the Essentials Have to pack. Most of the families were separated at the collection. In cars with the inscription A the adult men were loaded in Wagons with the inscription B women and children,as it was known in the Soviet jargon.
By the end of, the Soviet had more than power
one Between the. In June were, according to the records of the NKVD. people into the Interior of the Soviet Union transported the exact number is probably higher. two of the deportees were around. women, children or elderly people, a quarter of the Were the deportees were children under sixteen years of age. three above average, the Estonian Jews, of whom four hundred were deported corresponds to around of the former Jewish population of Estonia were affected. July deportation actions took place also on the West Estonian Islands. Alone, inhabitants of Saaremaa were the measures to the victims. By the end of in the Soviet prison camps, men were presented to committees of investigation. Hundreds were sentenced to death and shot. Most of the women and children were deported to the Kirov Oblast and the Oblast of Novosibirsk, where many died of malnutrition, cold and forced labour. According to Estonian information, only returned. of the deported to Estonia. Overall, the number of by the Soviet authorities was deported from Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Bessarabia. In, the German Wehrmacht occupied in the course of the war against the Soviet Union, the Baltic States. The German troops established a regime of terror against alleged Soviet collaborators, opponents of the German occupation, Jews, Russians, Roma, and other groups. With the looming defeat of Germany in the Second world war, the Red army re-conquered in the whole of Estonia, and began reprisals and the consolidation of their Power. August, the Soviet security forces deported people in the Republic of Komi in the North-West of Russia, most of them Baltic German descent. four in, was in the Central Committee of the Communist party of Estonia (EKP), it once again calls out loud, to bring Communist opponents of the regime out of the country.
